The Indian Community of London: A Vibrant Tapestry of History, Culture, and Flavour

The Indian community in London is one of the city’s most dynamic and influential groups, blending centuries of history with a vibrant modern presence. From their early arrival during the days of the British Empire to their role in shaping contemporary London life, the Indian diaspora has left an indelible mark on the city. Whether it’s the tantalising aroma of spices wafting from Southall’s “Little India”, the grandeur of Diwali celebrations in Trafalgar Square, or the economic contributions of Indian entrepreneurs, this community represents a vital thread in the cultural fabric of London.


How Many Indians Live in London?

There are approximately 650,000 Indians living in London, making them the city’s largest ethno-national group.

Where do Indians Live in London?

Traditionally Indians have lived in West London. Harrow is home to a vibrant Indian community, featuring temples like the Shree Kutch Satsang Swaminarayan Temple, while Brent, particularly Wembley, also has many Indian shops, restaurants, and cultural centres, including the Shri Sanatan Hindu Mandir. Southall often called “Little India” is a bustling hub with vibrant markets, Indian fashion stores, and the prominent Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha. Hounslow also has a strong Indian presence, supported by its proximity to Heathrow Airport.

More recently strong Indian communities have sprung up n the east of London, Redbridge, particularly Ilford, and Newham’s East Ham boast thriving Indian populations with temples, restaurants, and community organisations. Croydon, in the south, also has a steadily growing Indian community with cultural organisations and businesses.

These areas collectively feature strong community networks, places of worship, and events celebrating Indian festivals, making them vibrant hubs of Indian life in London.

Early Days: Indian Settlers in the Empire’s Capital

The story of the Indian community in London begins during the 17th century, at the height of the British Empire and the East India Company’s dominance. Indian sailors, known as lascars, were among the first to arrive in the city. Employed on British merchant ships, many found themselves stranded in London due to exploitative contracts or poor working conditions. These early settlers lived in poverty and often clustered around the docklands of East London, forming some of the earliest communities of Indian immigrants.

During the heyday of the British empire, thousands of women from India were brought to London to look after young children

By the 19th century, as Britain’s colonial grip on India tightened, London saw an influx of Indian students, professionals, and activists. Among them were individuals like Dadabhai Naoroji, the first Indian MP, elected in 1892, and Mahatma Gandhi, who studied law in London in the late 1880s. These pioneers laid the groundwork for a more prominent Indian presence in the capital.


Post-War Migration and the Rise of London’s Indian Community

The most significant wave of Indian migration came after World War II. Britain faced a labour shortage and actively encouraged immigration from Commonwealth nations. Many Indians arrived in London during the 1950s and 1960s, seeking opportunities in industries like textiles, public transport, and healthcare.

The partition of India in 1947 also spurred migration, with displaced communities seeking refuge in Britain. Among them were East African Indians, who fled political upheavals in countries like Uganda and Kenya during the 1960s and 1970s. These migrants brought with them not just resilience but also entrepreneurial spirit, founding businesses that have become staples of London life, from corner shops to Michelin-starred restaurants.

The community’s growth coincided with the rise of Southall, a West London neighbourhood affectionately dubbed “Little India.” Southall became a hub for Indian culture, food, and commerce, boasting gurdwaras, Hindu temples, and bustling markets filled with the sounds of Bollywood music and the colours of saris. Today, Southall remains one of the most vibrant centres of Indian life in the UK.


A Cultural Powerhouse

Indian culture has become inseparable from London’s identity. Festivals such as Diwali, the Hindu festival of lights, are celebrated with grandeur across the city. Trafalgar Square transforms into a dazzling display of lights, music, and dance, drawing crowds of all backgrounds. Similarly, Vaisakhi, marking the Sikh New Year, is celebrated with processions, performances, and free community meals known as langar.

Bollywood cinema has also left its mark, with cinemas in areas like Wembley and Ilford regularly screening the latest hits. Meanwhile, classical Indian art forms like Kathak dance and Carnatic music find audiences in venues ranging from community centres to prestigious stages like the Southbank Centre.

Veeraswamy, Mayfair

Food, of course, is another key ingredient in London’s love affair with Indian culture. Indian restaurants began to flourish in the 20th century, with Veeraswamy, established in 1926 near Regent Street, claiming the title of London’s oldest Indian restaurant. Today, the city offers everything from high-end establishments like Dishoom and Gymkhana to the bustling curry houses of Brick Lane. Whether it’s a comforting plate of biryani, a fiery vindaloo, or a savoury samosa, Indian cuisine has become a cornerstone of the capital’s culinary scene.


Contributions to London’s Economy

The Indian community has been a driving force behind London’s economy. Indian entrepreneurs have built successful businesses across various sectors, from finance and technology to retail and hospitality. Iconic brands like Patak’s, known for its curry pastes and sauces, and Tilda, the basmati rice giant, have roots in the Indian diaspora.

Indian-owned businesses also dominate the jewellery trade in areas like Green Street and Wembley, where dazzling displays of gold and gemstones cater to both everyday shoppers and those preparing for elaborate Indian weddings.

In the corporate world, Indian-origin professionals hold influential positions in banking, law, and IT. Canary Wharf, London’s financial hub, is home to numerous Indian bankers and analysts, contributing to the city’s global reputation as a centre of commerce.

Earlsfield Area Guide


Religious and Spiritual Life

Religion plays a central role in the lives of many in London’s Indian community, and the city is home to some stunning places of worship. The BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir in Neasden, often referred to as the Neasden Temple, is a breathtaking Hindu temple made of intricately carved Italian marble and Bulgarian limestone. It stands as a testament to the community’s dedication and craftsmanship, attracting thousands of visitors each year.

BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Neasden

Sikh gurdwaras, such as the Sri Guru Singh Sabha in Southall, offer not only spiritual refuge but also free meals to anyone in need, regardless of faith. Mosques like the East London Mosque, though catering primarily to the Bangladeshi community, also welcome Indian Muslims and reflect the diversity within the Indian diaspora.


Challenges and Triumphs

While the Indian community in London has achieved much, it has not been without challenges. Early immigrants faced racism, discrimination, and economic hardship. Signs reading “No Blacks, No Dogs, No Irish” in rental advertisements often extended to Indians as well. The fight for equality was long and arduous, with organisations like the Indian Workers’ Association playing a key role in advocating for workers’ rights and racial justice.

Rishi Sunak, Former UK Prime Minister

Over the years, the community has not only overcome these barriers but also thrived. Today, Indian-origin Londoners are represented in every sphere, from politics to the arts. Figures like Rishi Sunak, the UK’s first Prime Minister of Indian descent, and Meera Syal, the celebrated actress and writer, exemplify the contributions of the Indian diaspora to British society.


Where to Experience Indian London

For those eager to explore the Indian influence in London, there’s no shortage of places to visit:

  1. Southall: Known as the heart of London’s Indian community, Southall offers vibrant markets, authentic street food, and beautiful temples.

Southall, London, “Little India” Tourist Guide

2. Brick Lane: Famous for its curry houses, Brick Lane is a must-visit for food lovers.
3. Neasden Temple: This architectural marvel is one of the largest Hindu temples outside India.
4. Trafalgar Square during Diwali: Join thousands of Londoners in celebrating the festival of lights with music, dance, and food.
5. Indian restaurants: From the historic Veeraswamy to Michelin-starred establishments like Gymkhana, or the Indian food chain DIshoom! there’s something for every palate.


A Bright Future

Today, the Indian community in London is over half a million strong, accounting for about 6% of the city’s population. It continues to grow, evolve, and contribute to London’s unique identity. The Indian diaspora has moved beyond the confines of specific neighbourhoods, with families and businesses thriving across the capital.

As London becomes increasingly multicultural, the Indian community remains a shining example of how heritage and modernity can coexist. Their story is one of resilience, innovation, and celebration—a reminder that London’s greatest strength lies in its diversity.

Whether through food, festivals, or entrepreneurship, the Indian community’s influence on London is undeniable. It’s not just a part of the city’s history—it’s a vital force shaping its future.

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